जपानी (日本語) शिकताना - 2

जपानी ( 日本語 ) शिकताना - 1

आमचा जपानीचा क्लास सुरु झाल्यावर थोड्याच दिवसात म्हणजे 6 ऑगस्टला "तानाबाता फेस्टिवल" होता. आकाशगंगेमुळे एकमेकांचा विरह सहन कराव्या लागणाऱ्या ओरिहीमे आणि हिकोबोशी या दोन ताऱ्यांचा भेटण्याचा दिवस म्हणजे हा सण. ओरिहीमे ही तेन्तेईची (आकाशाच्या राजाची) मुलगी. लग्नानंतर दोघांचंही आपआपल्या कामाकडे दुर्लक्ष होऊ लागल्यानं चिडून तेन्तेईने दोघांना आकाशगंगेच्या दोन बाजूंना टाकलं. विरहानं दु:खी झालेल्या ओरिहीमेवर दया आल्यानं मग तेन्तेईने वर्षातून एकदा म्हणजे चांद्र दिनदर्शिकेनुसार सातव्या महिन्याच्या सातव्या दिवशी दोघांना भेटण्याची परवानगी दिली. तो दिवस म्हणजे तानाबाता फेस्टिवल. ही सारी गोष्ट ऐकताना चंद्र-दक्ष-रोहिणी यांची चंद्राच्या क्षय-वृद्धी संबंधातली कथा आठवली. आणि जाणवले, संस्कृती भारतीय असो की जपानी की आणखी कुठली. सण - उत्सवांच्या कथांचा मूळ गाभा तोच.

नंतर आले ते कोरे, सोरे, आरे, दोरे. थोडक्यात हे, ते, ते तिथले आणि कोणते. यांच्यानंतर "वा" पार्टिकल लावून "कोरे वा कोकुबान देस" म्हणजे "हा फळा आहे", अशी वाक्ये सुरु झाली. मग कुणीतरी शोध लावला. बहुदा "दुरून डोंगर साजरे " प्रमाणे जपानी लोकांना दूरच्या वस्तू आवडतात. म्हणून दूरच्या वस्तूबद्दल बोलायची सुरुवातच " आरे वा" अशी होते. हे सारं अचल वस्तूंसाठी. साधारण अशाच धर्तीवर चल - अचल सर्वांसाठी चालणारे हे, ते, त्या तिथले आणि कोणते म्हणजे कोनो, सोनो,  आनो, दोनो . इथे, तिथे, त्या तिकडे आणि कुठे असं जागेबद्दल बोलायचं झाला की कोको, सोको,  आसोको, दोको; दिशांबद्दल बोलायचं झालं की कोचिरा, सोचिरा, आचिरा, दोचिरा; अशी को, सो, आ, दो ची जणू नवी बाराखडीच शिकायला मिळाली.

त्यानंतर शिकवली गेली ती वेगवेगळ्या देशांची जपानीतील नावे. भारत, इंडिया, हिंदुस्तान इतकी नावे कमी आहेत की काय म्हणून आता जपानीत भारताला "इंदो" म्हणायचं हे कळले. तीच गत आपल्या शेजाऱ्याची . चायना, चीन आणि आता च्यूगोकू . "देशवासीय" म्हणजे "~जिन ". म्हणजे आपण सारे "इंदोजिन". एकूणच या साऱ्यामुळे "भाषा" या प्रकाराचा धसका बसला की मग कुठल्याही भाषेचं नाव काढलं की पळून जायची इच्छा होणार, हे जाणूनच बहुदा प्रत्येक भाषेच्या नावानंतर “go” लावायची पद्धत आहे जपानीत. आपली मातृभाषा मराठीगो, राष्ट्रभाषा हिंदीगो आणि सध्या आपण शिकतोय निहोन्गो.

शिवाय नम्रपणे बोलायचं झालं तर शक्यतो आपल्या समोरच्या व्यक्तींना कधीही तू / तुम्ही म्हणायचं नाही . समजा वीणा नावाच्या मुलीला, तुला काय आवडतं , असं विचारायचं असेल तर “तुम्हाला काय आवडतं ” असं न विचारता “वीणासानला काय आवडतं ” असं विचारायचं . म्हणजे एखाद्या भारतीयानं हे ऐकलं तर अगं मग ती कोण वीणा तिलाच विचार नं, दुसऱ्यांना कशाला विचारतेस असा अनाहूत सल्ला येणार. पण मग थोडा विचार केला आणि “आऊसाहेबांची काय आज्ञा आहे आमच्यासाठी?” असं जिजाऊना आदरपूर्वक विचारणारे शिवराय आठवले.

एकूणात काय तर दोन भाषांमधली साम्यस्थळे आणि भेदस्थळे यांचा अभ्यास करणं हे मजेशीर ठरतंय.

जपानी (日本語) शिकताना - 1

खूप दिवसांपासून, खरं तर खूप वर्षांपासून एखादी परदेशी भाषा शिकायचा विचार करत होते. पण काही न काही कारणानं ते टळतच गेलं. शेवटी मागच्या जून - जुलैत सगळ्या गोष्टी जुळून आल्या आणि ऑगस्ट मध्ये अस्मादिकांचं जपानी प्रशिक्षण सुरु झालं. जपानी, चीनी भाषा म्हटलं की पहिली आठवते ती किचकट चित्रलिपी. त्यामुळेच बहुदा मी कुठलीही युरोपीय भाषा न निवडता जपानी निवडली. शिवाय शिस्तप्रिय आणि कमी साधनसंपत्तीच्या जोरावरही समृद्ध, प्रगत बनलेल्या, अणुबॉम्बमुळे बेचिराख होऊनही फिनिक्सप्रमाणे उड्डाण करणाऱ्या जपान बद्दल इतर देशांपेक्षा जरा जास्तच आपुलकी होती ती वेगळीच.

“はじめまして(हाजीमेमाश्ते)” असं म्हणून एकमेकांशी ओळख झाली आणि मग सारे वर्गमित्र हे ~さん(सान) बनले. प्रत्येकाच्या नावानंतर सान लावूनच हाक मारायची जपानी नम्रता अंगी बाणवायचा प्रयत्न सुरु झाला. स्वाती 先生 (सेन्सेई - teacher) आणि हर्षदा 先生 च्या मदतीनं, आम्ही जपानीच्या बालवाडीत प्रवेश केला. जपानला जपानीत “ 日本 (निहोन किंवा निप्पोन)” म्हणतात हे ऐकून "इंडिया - भारत"ची आठवण झाली आणि एक समान धागा मिळाला. जपानी राष्ट्रध्वजाचं वर्णन आणि इतर तांत्रिक माहिती घेऊन आमचा वर्ग सुरु झाला.

सुरुवातीला फक्त मौखिक असणाऱ्या या भाषेत आता ३ लिपी आहेत – हिरागाना, काताकाना आणि कांजी . हिरागाना आणि काताकाना या प्रत्येकी ४६ अक्षरांच्या वर्णमाला आणि कांजी ही पारंपारिक चीन कडून आयात केलेली चित्रलिपी. कांजींची संख्या तर हजारोत. त्यामुळे यंदा आपल्याला हिरागाना, काताकाना आणि १५० कांजी शिकायच्या आहेत हे ऐकून धडकीच भरली. चौकोनात प्रमाणबद्धपणे आणि ठराविक दिशेने आणि क्रमाने रेषा काढून वहीत उमटणारी अक्षरं मनाला आनंद द्यायची. पण हीच अक्षरं त्याच्या रेषाक्रमासह (stroke order) लक्षात ठेवणं अवघड जाई. शिवाय, अक्षरांचे उच्चार आठवणं म्हणजे अजूनच तारांबळ. हिरागानातला “से” थोडा थोडा देवनागरीतल्या “ए” सारखा दिसतो. मग इतक्या वर्षांपासूनच्या “ए ” ला क्षणभरापुरतं विसरून “से” म्हणणं, फारच अवघड होतं. मग थोड्या दिवसात आलं ते 日本語初歩 (निहोन्गो शोहो) नावाचं पाठ्यपुस्तक. त्यामुळे लेखन, वाचन आणि संभाषण अशा तीन पातळ्यांवर भाषा विकासाचे आमचे प्रयत्न सुरु झाले. शुभ प्रभात, शुभ रजनी या नेहमीच्या शुभेच्छांसोबतच घरातून बाहेर पडणं, परत येणं, जेवण सुरु करणं, संपवणं, दुकानात येणं इत्यादी अनेक गोष्टींसाठीचे नवनवे शुभेच्छासंदेश आमच्या शब्दकोशात भर टाकत होते. मराठी - हिंदी - इंग्लिश पेक्षा जाणवलेलं प्रमुख वेगळेपण म्हणजे अनेकवचनांचा अभाव. एक झाड पण की आणि अनेक झाडे पण कीच. इथंही इतक्या वर्षांपासून डोक्यात घट्ट बसलेल्या की म्हणजे किल्ली या समीकरणाला छेद द्यावा लागत होता. पण वचन एकच असलं तरी अनेक वस्तू झाल्या की मोजाव्या लागणारच. आजवर या चराचर सृष्टीतील यावज्जीव सजीव - निर्जीवांना मोजण्यासाठी १, २, ... या एकाच अंक - तागडीत तोलायची सवय होती. पण जपानीत तर माणूस, प्राणी, पक्षी, लांब वस्तू, इमारती, यंत्रे, सपाट वस्तू अशा अनेक तऱ्हेच्या वर्गवारींसाठी स्वतंत्र मोजणी तक्ते. ते सारे लक्षात ठेवून सुयोग्य जागी वापरताना नाकी नऊ येत. मग आले विशेषण – क्रियापदांचे प्रत्येकी २ आणि ३ प्रकार. पुढे पुढे जशी मोठी वाक्यं आली तशी भारतीय भाषा आणि जपानीतली समानता दिसायला लागली. त्यामुळेच, जपानी वाक्यं इंग्लिश पेक्षा मराठी -हिंदीत अनुवादित करणं सोपं जात असे. शिवाय, करून ठेव, बघून घे, करून बघ अशी दुहेरी क्रियापदंही जपानीत आहेत.

अशा अनेक गोष्टींचा वेध घेत घेतच वर्ष संपलं. सध्या इथेच थांबते. उरलेल्या वैशिष्ट्यांवर परत कधीतरी बोलूयात. じゃまた( ज्या -माता) .

Hostel मध्ये पाहावे राहून

Last night, my roommate returned to the room exhausted by the efforts of breaking a lock in her friend’s room. The rock had hit the cupboard more times than the actual lock and finally they had given up. Just then, I recalled that I have an iron rod, preserved specially for this purpose. I offered it to her, told her the technique that worked for me twice and she was back in two minutes rejoicing that finally, the lock had surrendered.  This made me think about what are the new experiences that hostel life has given me. Here are a few of them:

1. How to break a lock: In fact, one of my classmates was such an expert lock-breaker that we used to tease her that we need to inform her employer about this skill which she hadn't mentioned in her CV. ;)

2. How to locate, identify and kill a bedbug: Bedbug was a creature, which had met me only through stories. In fact, I didn’t know what a bedbug looked like.  In earlier days, we had a roommate who used to examine each and every insect found in our room and would give her verdict on whether the suspect was bedbug or not. Later on, all of us acquired the skill of locating the bedbugs, tracking down their habitats, destroying their colonies by using various weapons like candles, pesticides, heat, water, cement and what not.

3. How to repair a drenched laptop/cellphone: Just open it up, try to clean the wet portions by a dry cloth and then put it below a working laptop until it gets dried completely. It recovers pretty fast and gets back to work, except for a few minor injury marks on its screen, which get cured with the passing time.  In case of a drenched cellphone, use the laptop adaptor as the hot bed. (Practice at your own risk ;))

4. How to sleep on newspapers: This was a really rare experience. You cannot claim your own bedding kept in luggage room, just because you couldn’t complete the technical formalities of hostel admission. So, you are forced to sleep on the newspapers, though it’s cold outside.

5. Lazybones may help: This is in continuation with the previous one. You spend a night shivering. Next day, you manage to complete the admission procedure and return to hostel to collect your luggage, only to realize that you are too late. That is what happened with us. Eight of us had slept on the newspapers, the earlier day. Next day, we requested for the luggage, but were told that as it was already 4.30pm, only two of us can get their bedding. Then suddenly we recalled that, two of us had kept two mattresses each (one their own, one their roommate’s, as their roommates were too lazy to take care of their own belongings). So, we got four mattresses though we were allowed to take out only two. In this way, the lazybones, who didn’t take care of putting their things on their own name, helped us.

That’s enough for today. There are still many more. Will write about them at some later date…..

Attention Please

( Japanese serial " アテンションプリーズ ")

This cute little story of transformation of a tomboyish, overconfident, careless rock singer to a caring, mature flight professional is worth watching. The story is that of Misaki Youko (played by Ueto Aya), a girl who grew up with 4 brothers and a father. Naturally, she went on to become a tomboyish teenager, with no female friends. Being a cabin attendant is the most unsuitable job for her. But, just because a friend she has a crush on, says that he would like to see her in uniform, she applies for the post. During the interview, she manages to conceal her rock-star like appearance by borrowing a costume from the fellow interviewee and surprisingly, gets selected.
Here onwards starts the real drama - her continuous struggle to fit her unrefined self into the sophisticated surroundings; all this while dealing with a strict trainer Mikami Tamaki (Played by Maya Miki), not-so-supportive classmates and seniors. Everything she does is wrong, right from the speed of bowing to the tone of her speech. This obviously leads to frustration fueled further by her crush falling in love with some other girl. She almost gives up the wish to become a cabin attendant, now that the main motive is lost, but the trainer challenges her. Too proud to accept her failure, Misaki starts training again, just to defeat the trainer, though she is no more interested in the job. Her instinctive behaviour leads to some incidences which make her infamous. People start commenting that she is the one who is spoiling the whole class and how could someone like her get selected in the first place. But then, a moment comes. Just for fun, she wears a senior's uniform and then realizes the responsibility that comes with it. The immense satisfaction derived from helping an utterly confused Chinese traveller by communicating through sign/body language (due to language barrier), makes her start loving this job. In addition to this are the encouraging words from a newly acquired engineer friend, Nakahara Shouta (played by Nishikyodo Ryo).

Finally, as the exam nears, Misaki works really hard and performs pretty well. During the practicals, she maintains her smiling face though the examiner tries to pester her by her actions. Everyone agrees that she should pass, but the trainer declines. This is the most shocking incident for Misaki as this was the first time that she had done something so seriously and had still been a failure. This leads to the increase in her hatred for the trainer. But when finally, she realizes that the trainer knows her "inner beauty", more than anyone else and wanted her to become perfect, she softens, works hard again and finally passes the second test. During OJT (On the Job Training) again she does some classic mistakes, but when scolded by the senior Asou Kaoru (played by Fueki Yuko) and Captain Sakurada (played by Kohinata Fumiyo), tries correcting herself. In fact, later she manages to handle a critical situation, by her keen sense of observation and presence of mind. In her last OJT flight, she handles an unconscious passenger courageously despite being frightened in her mind.

On the final day of her training, both Misaki and the trainer are overwhelmed when Misaki admits that though she hated the trainer, it's because of her that she could attain this height. Also, the training section chief Dazai (played by Inoue Jun) admits that he pleaded with the interviewers for selecting Misaki, as he thought she can become a cabin attendant with a new charm.

"Never give up" attitude of Misaki, patience and strictness of Mikami trainer, section chief Dazai's faith in Misaki and the trainer, Captain Sakurada's well thought advices to Mikami trainer, Nakahara's never ending support to Misaki.... all these help Misaki grow into a professional cabin attendant who adds a special personal touch to the service she offers. We are simply surprised to see this transformation and how a seemingly unimportant job can be challenging as well as critical.

What if,

1. Dazai hadn't thought of selecting someone who is out of the box

2. Misaki had given up at one of the many frustrating moments

3. Mikami trainer had thought even once that Misaki is useless and gave up working on her (She had to put up with the comments from her colleague, students on why Misaki is not being kicked out by her and at the same time she had to listen to the hateful remarks from the hurt Misaki)

4. Sakurada captain hadn't assured Mikami trainer that she is doing her best.

Culmination of the efforts of so many people was a "a great new hire with special charm".

All these people lead by endearing Misaki and patient Mikami tell us, to believe in ourselves and to learn from those around us because, no job is easy and no individual is useless.....

अकिरा योशिझावा आणि कागदी दुनिया

आज सकाळी google doodle नं लक्ष वेधून घेतलं - कागदी google आणि फुलपाखरे... आणि मग कळलं की आज अकिरा योशिझावाची जयंती आणि पुण्यतिथी दोन्ही आहे म्हणून...

कोण होता हा अकिरा योशिझावा? पारंपारिक जपानी कला ओरिगामीला जगण्याचं साधन बनवण्याचे धाडस सर्वप्रथम केलं ते यानंच. ९४ वर्षांच्या आपल्या आयुष्यात तब्बल ५०,००० हून अधिक ओरिगामीच्या कलाकृती बनवणारा हा अवलिया. कंपनीत भूमिती शिकवण्यासाठी त्यानं ओरिगामीचा वापर सुरु केला आणि मग त्याच्या लहानपणापासून जोपासलेल्या छंदाला खत-पाणी मिळालं. या ध्यासापायी पुढं त्यानं कंपनीतली नोकरीदेखील सोडली. १९३७ साली हे नक्कीच खूप धाडसाचं होतं. साहजिकच सुमारे१५ वर्षं गरिबीत दारोदार भटकत घालवावी लागली. तरीदेखील निराश न होता १९५४ साली त्यानं Atarashi Origami Geijutsu (नवी ओरिगामी कला) या नावाचं पुस्तक लिहिलं. या पुस्तकातील घड्यांसाठीची notations आजही प्रमाण म्हणून वापरली जातात. याच वर्षी, म्हणजे त्याच्या वयाच्या ४३ व्या वर्षी, तोक्यो मध्ये International Origami Centre ची स्थापनाही त्यानं केली. पुस्तकामुळे त्याची आर्थिक परिस्थितीही सुधारू लागली होती. पण सच्चा कलाकार असलेल्या अकिराने आपल्या कलाकृती कधीही विकल्या नाहीत. त्या इतरांना भेट देण्यात किंवा प्रदर्शनासाठी देण्यातच त्याला आनंद मिळत असे.
ओरिगामीच्या थोड्याश्या ओबडधोबड कलाकृतींना अधिक गोलाई देऊन सुबक करण्यासाठी अकिराने "wet folding " या नवीन तंत्राचा वापर सुरु केला. कागद थोडासा ओलसर करण्याच्या या तंत्रानं ओरिगामी कलाकृतींमध्ये 3-d परिणामही अधिक उत्तमरीत्या साधला जाऊ लागला.
तर असा हा महान कलाकार आज "google doodle" च्या माध्यमातून आपल्या सर्वांच्या घराघरात पोचलाय.

Rat's Paw /पिपांत मेले ओल्या उंदीर

It was an afternoon, in August. We (me and deep) entered our office to be welcomed by a messed up drawer. There was someone, who was sharing not only our office space, but our food as well. And then, the hunt began…
The claws indicated that it was some kind of rodent. But then, we hadn’t kept the drawer open. Was there someone from “Ratatouille”, who was smart enough to open the heavy drawer? Surprisingly, it was true. Its way of entering the drawer by climbing from the lower section of the table and then pushing the drawer from inside was really astounding. But then, we bipedals don’t like to get defeated by some petty quadrupeds. And hence, we blocked its way by locking the table drawer. 

But this new roommate of ours was not to be deterred by these small oppositions. In fact, it lodged its protest by routinely dirtying our floor and the table tops with its paws.

It kept visiting our room, though he no longer had access to the delicious food items. We desperately wanted to have a glimpse of it, but what we found were just various evidences of its existence. And now, the story seems to have ended. Last Saturday, we caught a sight of it in the water tank. It may have fallen down in it while jumping from its edge and couldn’t come up. Hope, others from its clan don’t take up its incomplete job of fighting against us…. RIP "the uninvited guest"…

आज मराठी भाषा दिन ! आणि सकाळी सकाळी हे उंदराचे दर्शन. त्यामुळे, साहजिकच मर्ढेकरांच्या कवितेची आठवण झाली.

पिपांत मेले ओल्या उंदीर;
माना पडल्या, मुरगळल्याविण;

ओठांवरती ओठ मिळाले;
माना पडल्या, आसक्तीविण.

गरिब बिचारे बिळांत जगले,
पिपांत मेले उचकी देउन;

दिवस सांडला घाऱ्या डोळीं
गात्रलिंग अन् धुऊन घेउन.

जगायची पण सक्ती आहे;
मरायची पण सक्ती आहे.

उदासतेला जहरी डोळे
काचेचे पण;
मधाळ पोळे;

ओठांवरती जमले तेंही
बेकलाइटी, बेकलाइटी!
ओठांवरती ओठ लागले;

पिपांत उंदीर न्हाले! न्हाले!

- बाळ सीताराम मर्ढेकर

सर्व वाचकांना मराठी भाषा दिनाच्या हार्दिक शुभेच्छा !

Happy B’Day

Dear ----,

First of all, wish you many many happy returns of the day… We still remember the day, when you entered our lives. We couldn’t contain our excitement. We were waiting for you since so many days. Every now and then, we used to feel the need of someone like you. Your absence made us wander in this World Wide Web, in search of someone, who can lessen our web-trotting efforts. But , most of the times, it yielded no fruitful results. It isn’t the case that you are the only member from your clan to exist in this world. There are few like you, who had secured their virtual positions, even before your birth. But, none of them could match our expectations. We wanted someone who could provide exactly the things that someone like us would want; nothing less and nothing more. It’s well said “Look within, Don’t search for the things you want, in the external world. They are inside you.” So, we finally decided that we can’t wait for others to come forward. We have to take initiative and bring someone like you in the lives of many like us… That was exactly one year before….

Considering your age, you have achieved a lot. Though sometimes, we being only two, fail to give you the attention you deserve. In fact, today also, we almost forgot your birthday. In this first year of your life, you have given us immense pleasures… especially, the joy of creation. Within a week of your birth, you had earned the praises from a rock star in our field. Throughout the year, we received the words of appreciation about you from the young and old alike. Some even gave you a special mention on their homepages/blogs/walls. With the support of people like these, you grew up very fast and are about to complete the century of your contributions to this uncertain world.

Hope, you get better, day by day and enrich the lives of many like us, in the coming years…..

Once again, Many Many Happy Returns of the Day to our (me and Deep’s) dear blog “Certain News about Uncertain World”. You can see your gift on the right panel of this blog.... :)